分子印迹方法在电化学蛋白质生物传感器开发中的进展与展望

摘要(中文译文)

蛋白质生物标志物可用于监测疾病的发生与发展。准确、灵敏且低成本的蛋白质检测方法有助于治疗干预、改善临床结局并减轻患者的经济压力。分子印迹聚合物（MIPs）因其相较于抗体和适配体等经典生物识别元件具有稳定性高、制备成本低和可重复使用性好等优势，被认为是一类可用于开发生物传感技术的仿生材料。电化学生物传感器鉴于其灵敏度高、响应速度快、成本效益好、稳定性好且易于小型化，已成为传感应用中最具前景的技术。人们已致力于开发各种以MIPs作为识别元件的电化学生物传感器用于蛋白质检测。本文综述了用于电化学蛋白质生物传感器设计与应用的分子印迹方法的进展。全面讨论了印迹与去除模板以及制备MIPs修饰传感电极的策略。最后，探讨了蛋白质印迹电极面临的挑战与未来前景。这项工作将有助于开发基于MIPs的创新性分析装置，通过测定蛋白质生物标志物来监测和管理各种疾病。

Abstract

Protein biomarkers can be used for monitoring the occurrence and development of diseases. Accurate, sensitive, and low-cost methods for protein detection can facilitate therapeutic intervention, improve clinical outcome, and reduce economic pressure for patients. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have been considered as a type of biomimetic materials for developing biosensing technologies due to their advantages of high stability, low preparation cost, and good reusability over classical biometric recognition elements such as antibodies and aptamers. Electrochemical biosensors have become the most promising technology in sensing applications in view of their high sensitivity, fast response speed, cost-effectiveness, good stability, and ease of miniaturization. Efforts have been made to develop various electrochemical biosensors for protein detection with MIPs as recognition elements. This article provides an overview of the progress in molecular imprinting methods for the design and application of electrochemical protein biosensors. The strategies for imprinting and removing templates and preparing MIPs-modified sensing electrodes are comprehensively discussed. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives of protein-imprinted electrodes are addressed. This work will contribute to the development of innovative analytical devices based on MIPs for monitoring and managing various diseases by determining protein biomarkers.

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