研究创伤后应激障碍和合并症对摩洛哥公立学校11至16岁学童日常生活的影响

摘要(中文译文)

创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）可在经历创伤性事件后发生，例如涉及实际或威胁性死亡、严重伤害或性暴力的事件。本次调查旨在评估摩洛哥塞拉市公立学校青少年中PTSD的患病率，并研究焦虑和抑郁的水平——这是与PTSD相关的最常见障碍。基于一项横断面调查，选取了900名年龄在11至16岁之间的学龄儿童。同意参与的参与者比例为89%。学龄儿童完成了经过验证的问卷（社会人口学数据、生活事件清单、CPTS-RI、CDI和STAIY）。使用SPSS统计软件，计算了Student t检验、Cohen d检验、卡方（χ²）、Cramer's V和Pearson相关系数（r）。该研究项目在获得国家教育部的科研授权后开始，参与者签署了知情同意书。PTSD的患病率为31.7%。青少年发育特征、社会经济状况和父母教育水平等因素可能促成所观察到的患病率。该障碍在女生中的比例（60.7%）高于男生（39.3%）（P = .008，d = 0.75）。该患病率反映了当前表现出PTSD症状的学龄儿童比例。在参与者中，77.2%表现出焦虑症状，51.3%表现出抑郁症状。PTSD对学龄青少年的福祉产生负面影响，影响其情感、社交和学业功能。已有干预措施可用于治疗受影响青少年的该障碍。患有PTSD的青少年应获得受过培训的专科医生提供的专业心理护理，以及来自家庭的支持。

Abstract

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can develop after exposure to traumatic events such as those involving actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence. This survey was conducted to assess the prevalence of PTSD among adolescents attending public schools in the city of Salé in Morocco and to study the levels of anxiety and depression - the most common disorders associated with PTSD. Based on a cross-sectional survey, 900 schoolchildren with an age between 11 and 16 years old were selected. The percentage of participants who agreed to take part was 89%. The validated questionnaires (socio-demographic data, list of life events, CPTS-RI, CDI and STAIY) were completed by the schoolchildren. Using SPSS statistical software, Student's -test, Cohen's test, chi-square (χ), Cramer's , and Pearson's correlation () were calculated. The research project began after receiving research authorization from the Ministry of National Education, and consent forms were signed by participants. The prevalence of PTSD was 31.7%. Factors such as adolescent developmental characteristics, socioeconomic status, and parental education level may contribute to the observed prevalence. A higher percentage of this disorder was observed in girls (60.7%) than in boys (39.3%) ( = .008, = 0.75). This prevalence reflects the proportion of schoolchildren currently exhibiting PTSD symptoms. Among participants, 77.2% exhibited anxiety symptoms and 51.3% exhibited depressive symptoms. PTSD has negative consequences for the well-being of school-age adolescents, affecting their emotional, social, and academic functioning. Interventions are available to treat this disorder in affected adolescents. Adolescents with PTSD should have access to professional psychological care from trained specialists, as well as support from their families.

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