自闭症患者终身睡眠：一项在西班牙全国范围内传播的横断面调查方案
Sleep in Autism Across the Lifespan: A Protocol for a Cross-Sectional Survey with Nationwide Dissemination in Spain.
摘要(中文译文)
孤独症谱系障碍（ASD）在整个生命周期中始终与睡眠障碍的高患病率相关，据报道患病率在60%至86%之间，具体取决于年龄和临床特征。尽管国际文献已广泛描述这一问题，但西班牙目前缺乏大规模数据来估计睡眠障碍的患病率，或考察其与年龄、智力障碍及共病状况等因素的关系。本研究旨在估计西班牙孤独症谱系障碍个体中睡眠障碍的患病率和严重程度，并考察其与发育阶段、智力障碍、情感症状及情境因素的关联。这是一项横断面观察性调查，已获圣安东尼奥穆尔西亚天主教大学伦理委员会批准并在全国范围内发放。数据将通过在线调查（SurveyMonkey）收集，包括经过验证的工具：儿童睡眠习惯问卷-孤独症版（CSHQ-Autism）和儿童睡眠障碍量表（SDSC）用于儿童参与者；匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）用于无智力障碍的青少年和成人；严重残障诊断评估-II（DASH-II）用于有智力障碍的成人。焦虑和抑郁症状将分别使用儿童行为量表（CBCL）在儿童和青少年中评估，以及医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）和DASH-II评估。统计分析将使用SPSS v22进行，根据数据分布应用参数或非参数检验。本研究是首批在全国范围内发放、旨在评估西班牙ASD个体睡眠障碍的调查方案之一。预期研究结果将有助于识别脆弱性特征、为公共卫生策略提供信息，并支持开发多学科干预措施，以改善睡眠，进而提高孤独症个体及其家庭的生活质量。
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is consistently associated with a high prevalence of sleep disturbances across the lifespan, with reported rates ranging from 60% to 86% depending on age and clinical characteristics. Although this issue has been widely described in the international literature, Spain currently lacks large-scale data to estimate the prevalence of sleep disturbances or to examine their relationship with factors such as age, intellectual disability, and co-occurring conditions. This study aims to estimate the prevalence and severity of sleep disturbances in individuals with autism spectrum disorder in Spain and to examine their associations with developmental stage, intellectual disability, affective symptoms, and contextual factors. This is a cross-sectional observational survey with nationwide dissemination approved by the Ethics Committee of the Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia. Data will be collected through an online survey (SurveyMonkey) including validated instruments: the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire-Autism (CSHQ-Autism) and the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) for pediatric participants; the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) for adolescents and adults without intellectual disability; and the Diagnostic Assessment for the Severely Handicapped-II (DASH-II) for adults with intellectual disability. Anxiety and depressive symptoms will be assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) in children and adolescents and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and DASH-II. Statistical analyses will be conducted using SPSS v22 by applying parametric or non-parametric tests according to data distribution. This study represents one of the first survey protocols with nationwide dissemination designed to assess sleep disturbances in individuals with ASD in Spain. The resulting findings are expected to help identify vulnerability profiles, inform public health strategies, and support the development of multidisciplinary interventions aimed at improving sleep and, consequently, the quality of life of individuals with autism and their families.
如何引用
AMA
María Luisa Sánchez de Ocaña-Moreno, Ana María García-Muñoz, Isabel María Timón, Guillermo Benito Ruiz, Marta Plaza Sanz, Ruth Vidriales Fernández, et al. Sleep in Autism Across the Lifespan: A Protocol for a Cross-Sectional Survey with Nationwide Dissemination in Spain.. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland). 2026; doi:10.3390/healthcare14101398.
APA
María Luisa Sánchez de Ocaña-Moreno, Ana María García-Muñoz, Isabel María Timón, Guillermo Benito Ruiz, Marta Plaza Sanz, Ruth Vidriales Fernández, et al (2026). Sleep in Autism Across the Lifespan: A Protocol for a Cross-Sectional Survey with Nationwide Dissemination in Spain.. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland). https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare14101398
GB/T 7714
María Luisa Sánchez de Ocaña-Moreno, Ana María García-Muñoz, Isabel María Timón, Guillermo Benito Ruiz, Marta Plaza Sanz, Ruth Vidriales Fernández, et al. Sleep in Autism Across the Lifespan: A Protocol for a Cross-Sectional Survey with Nationwide Dissemination in Spain.[J]. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 2026 doi:10.3390/healthcare14101398.
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