美国儿童和青少年的身体圆度指数和报告的视力困难：2021-2023年NHANES的横断面研究
Body Roundness Index and Reported Vision Difficulty in U.S. Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study of NHANES 2021-2023.
摘要(中文译文)
儿童和青少年期的视力困难（VD）可能影响学习、日常功能和生活质量。尽管身体圆度指数（BRI）已成为中心性肥胖和心脏代谢风险的指标，但其与儿科人群中报告的视力困难的关联仍不明确。我们使用2021年8月至2023年8月美国国家健康与营养调查（NHANES）的数据进行了一项横断面分析。纳入年龄5-17岁、具有视力困难、BRI及协变量可用数据的参与者。视力困难定义为自我报告或代理报告即使佩戴眼镜或隐形眼镜仍难以看清。采用调查加权逻辑回归模型检验BRI与视力困难之间的关联，并逐步调整人口学、社会经济和生活方式因素。BRI既作为连续变量分析，也按加权四分位数分析。进行限制性立方样条（RCS）分析以评估剂量-反应关系。共纳入1566名参与者。在完全调整模型中，BRI每增加一个单位，视力困难的比值增加12%（比值比[OR]=1.12，95%置信区间[CI]：1.02-1.23，=0.029）。BRI每增加1个标准差，视力困难的OR为1.20（95%CI：1.03-1.40）。加权四分位数分析显示完全调整估计不精确；描述性而言，最高BRI四分位数的加权视力困难患病率高于最低四分位数。RCS分析显示总体关联显著（总体=0.0297），无非线性证据（非线性=0.861）。在美国儿童和青少年中，较高的BRI与报告视力困难的较高比值相关。鉴于横断面设计和基于问卷的结局，这些发现应解释为人群水平的关联，而非因果性或临床实用性的证据。
Abstract
Vision difficulty (VD) in childhood and adolescence may affect learning, daily functioning, and quality of life. Although body roundness index (BRI) has emerged as an indicator of central adiposity and cardiometabolic risk, its association with reported VD in pediatric populations remains unclear. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) August 2021-August 2023. Participants aged 5-17 years with available data on VD, BRI, and covariates were included. VD was defined as self- or proxy-reported difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses or contact lenses. Survey-weighted logistic regression models were used to examine the association between BRI and VD, with progressive adjustment for demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle factors. BRI was analyzed as both a continuous variable and weighted quartiles. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was performed to assess the dose-response relationship. A total of 1566 participants were included. In the fully adjusted model, each one-unit increase in BRI was associated with 12% higher odds of VD (odds ratio [OR] = 1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02-1.23, = 0.029). Per 1 standard deviation increase in BRI, the OR for VD was 1.20 (95% CI: 1.03-1.40). Weighted quartile analysis showed imprecise fully adjusted estimates; descriptively, weighted VD prevalence was higher in the highest than in the lowest BRI quartile. RCS analysis showed a significant overall association (-overall = 0.0297) without evidence of non-linearity (-non-linearity = 0.861). Higher BRI was associated with greater odds of reported VD among U.S. children and adolescents. Given the cross-sectional design and questionnaire-based outcome, these findings should be interpreted as a population-level association rather than evidence of causality or clinical utility.
如何引用
AMA
Jingwen Wang, Shuai Ouyang, Jia Qu, Ying Li. Body Roundness Index and Reported Vision Difficulty in U.S. Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study of NHANES 2021-2023.. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland). 2026; doi:10.3390/healthcare14101352.
APA
Jingwen Wang, Shuai Ouyang, Jia Qu, Ying Li (2026). Body Roundness Index and Reported Vision Difficulty in U.S. Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study of NHANES 2021-2023.. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland). https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare14101352
GB/T 7714
Jingwen Wang, Shuai Ouyang, Jia Qu, Ying Li. Body Roundness Index and Reported Vision Difficulty in U.S. Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study of NHANES 2021-2023.[J]. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 2026 doi:10.3390/healthcare14101352.
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