全球大气汞在冰川冰晶石中的积累
Worldwide accumulation of atmospheric mercury in glacial cryoconite.
摘要(中文译文)
本研究首次对冰尘中汞（Hg）浓度的变化进行了全面的全球分析。冰尘是冰川表面一种非均质且通常富含有机质的物质。研究从南北半球的39条冰川采集了冰尘样品，共计130个样品。汞浓度最高的冰尘样品来自挪威和阿拉斯加（最高达0.965 μg g），其次为欧洲阿尔卑斯山（最高达0.498 μg g），这反映了与这些冰川区域距离较近的重工业化和人口密集地区的大气沉降水平。为更好地评估汞在冰川环境中的环境分布，除冰尘外，我们还考察了冰川及冰前区域的其他环境基质，包括藻类、土壤和河流沉积物。其中包括对格陵兰Qaanaaq Gletsjer红雪藻中汞的新分析。在本研究考虑的所有环境基质中，冰尘样品的汞浓度最高。采用污染负荷指数、地累积指数和荷兰目标值作为污染指标，以识别沉积物污染热点。根据这些污染指标，北半球样品受到轻度至中度汞污染，而南半球样品未受污染。在北半球样品中，来自瑞典、挪威和斯瓦尔巴群岛的冰尘污染程度最高，而来自阿拉斯加和欧洲阿尔卑斯山的样品通常仅为轻度污染。这些结果凸显了加深我们对动态且快速变化的冰川环境在汞的积累、迁移和再排放方面认识的重要性。
Abstract
This study presents the first comprehensive global analysis of the variation in mercury (Hg) concentrations in cryoconite, a heterogenous and often organic-rich material found on the surface of glaciers. Samples of cryoconite were collected from 39 glaciers across both hemispheres, comprising 130 samples in total. The highest Hg concentrations were measured in cryoconite from Norway and Alaska (up to 0.965 μg g), followed by the European Alps (up to 0.498 μg g), reflecting the levels of atmospheric deposition from heavily industrialized and inhabited areas in relatively close proximity to these glaciated regions. To better assess the environmental distribution of Hg in the glacial environment, in addition to cryoconite we also considered other environmental matrices found in glacial and proglacial areas, including algae, soils, and riverine sediments. This included a novel analysis of Hg in red snow algae from Qaanaaq Gletsjer (Greenland). Of all the environmental matrices considered in this study, cryoconite samples contained the highest Hg concentrations. The Pollution Load Index, Geoaccumulation Index, and Target Values for the Netherlands were used as pollution indices to identify hot spots of sediment contamination. According to these pollution indices, samples from the Northern Hemisphere were slightly and moderately polluted by Hg, while those from the Southern Hemisphere were unpolluted. Of the Northern Hemisphere samples, cryoconite from Sweden, Norway and Svalbard had the highest pollution status, while samples from Alaska and the European Alps were generally only slightly polluted. These results highlight the importance of improving our understanding of dynamic and rapidly changing glacial environments in the accumulation, transport, and re-emission of mercury.
如何引用
AMA
Edyta Łokas, Agnieszka Pasieka, Caroline Clason, Philip N Owens, Przemysław Niedzielski, Aleksandra Proch, et al. Worldwide accumulation of atmospheric mercury in glacial cryoconite.. Journal of hazardous materials. 2026; doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.142346.
APA
Edyta Łokas, Agnieszka Pasieka, Caroline Clason, Philip N Owens, Przemysław Niedzielski, Aleksandra Proch, et al (2026). Worldwide accumulation of atmospheric mercury in glacial cryoconite.. Journal of hazardous materials. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.142346
GB/T 7714
Edyta Łokas, Agnieszka Pasieka, Caroline Clason, Philip N Owens, Przemysław Niedzielski, Aleksandra Proch, et al. Worldwide accumulation of atmospheric mercury in glacial cryoconite.[J]. Journal of hazardous materials, 2026 doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.142346.
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