治疗胃肠道恶性肿瘤的癌症疫苗：进展、挑战和新策略
Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines in Gastrointestinal Malignancies: Advances, Challenges, and Emerging Strategies.
摘要(中文译文)
胃肠道（GI）恶性肿瘤——包括食管癌、胃癌、结直肠癌、肝胆癌和胰腺癌——仍然是全球肿瘤发病和死亡的主要原因。尽管采用常规疗法，即手术、化疗和放疗，但许多患者（尤其是确诊时已处于晚期疾病的患者）的预后仍然很差。然而，免疫治疗已成为肿瘤学中的一种新策略，特别是癌症疫苗的出现，如今为改善胃肠道恶性肿瘤患者的临床结局提供了一种研究性方法。本综述旨在全面概述为更好地靶向胃肠道癌症而开发的多种基于疫苗的策略，涵盖从早期临床前研究到最近完成的临床试验。我们首先介绍主要的疫苗治疗类别及每种策略背后的免疫学原理。然后，我们采用基于癌症类型的方法总结过去和正在进行试验的关键发现，主要关注疫苗的安全性和免疫原性，并对总体疗效的局限性进行评述。最后，我们指出将大多为早期阶段的试验应用于临床实践所面临的挑战，以及将这些基于疫苗的方法整合到胃肠道癌症患者个性化治疗中的未来方向。
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies-which comprise esophageal, gastric, colorectal, hepatobiliary, and pancreatic cancers-remain a leading global cause of oncologic morbidity and mortality. The prognosis for many patients (especially those diagnosed with advanced-stage disease) remains poor despite conventional therapies-namely, surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. Immunotherapy, however, has emerged as a new strategy in oncology, and, in particular, the advent of cancer vaccines now provides an investigational approach to improving clinical outcomes in patients with GI malignancies. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of multiple vaccine-based strategies developed to better target GI cancers, spanning from early preclinical studies to the most recently completed clinical trials. We first introduce the main vaccine therapy classes and the immunologic rationale underlying each. We then summarize key findings from past and ongoing trials using a cancer-type-based approach, primarily focusing on vaccine safety and immunogenicity, and commenting on limitations in overall efficacy. Finally, we identify the challenges of applying mostly early-phase trials to clinical practice as well as future directions for integrating these vaccine-based approaches into personalized treatments for GI cancer patients.
如何引用
AMA
Kyle Taing, Keeyon Dabirian, Aditya Shreenivas. Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines in Gastrointestinal Malignancies: Advances, Challenges, and Emerging Strategies.. Cancers. 2026; doi:10.3390/cancers18091420.
APA
Kyle Taing, Keeyon Dabirian, Aditya Shreenivas (2026). Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines in Gastrointestinal Malignancies: Advances, Challenges, and Emerging Strategies.. Cancers. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers18091420
GB/T 7714
Kyle Taing, Keeyon Dabirian, Aditya Shreenivas. Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines in Gastrointestinal Malignancies: Advances, Challenges, and Emerging Strategies.[J]. Cancers, 2026 doi:10.3390/cancers18091420.
在 PubMed增强版 阅读全文
翻译全文 · AI 文献问答 · PDF 原文下载 · 引用导出