社区居住老年人的合并与额外双重任务培训
Incorporated vs Additional Dual-Task Training in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.
摘要(中文译文)
衰老伴随认知与身体功能下降，增加跌倒、丧失独立性和生活质量下降的风险。双任务训练整合了认知与运动活动，已显示出益处，但直接比较附加式双任务训练（ADT，将认知需求嵌入运动任务中）与整合式双任务训练（IDT，要求同时进行但相互独立的认知任务）的研究有限。本研究比较了ADT与IDT对社区居住老年人认知功能、身体表现、工具性日常生活活动能力（IADL）及生活质量的影响。74名参与者（≥60岁）被随机分配至ADT组（n=34）或IDT组（n=40），并完成为期12周的小组训练方案。认知结局采用蒙特利尔认知评估、数字符号替换测验、韦氏记忆量表-III词语列表及斯特鲁普色词测验测量；运动结局采用盒块测验、计时起立行走测验及双任务指数（BBT-SST、BBT-FD）测量；功能结局采用Lawton工具性日常生活活动量表及社区整合问卷（CIQ）测量。BBT-SST数字评分存在显著的组×时间交互效应（=0.002），IDT组在双任务认知方面获得更大改善。两组在整体认知、加工速度和工作记忆方面均有改善，而仅IDT组提升了运动表现和运动-认知协调能力。TUG、双任务成本、IADL或CIQ均未观察到显著变化。IDT在双任务认知和协调方面表现出更优的益处，提示其具有更高的生态效度、更有效的资源分配，且更贴近现实需求。未来研究应探讨基于脑电图（EEG）的神经机制，并为高危老年人开发虚拟现实（VR）干预方法。
Abstract
Aging involves declines in cognitive and physical functions, raising risks of falls, loss of independence, and poorer quality of life. Dual-task training, integrating cognitive and motor activities, has shown benefits, but direct comparisons of additional dual-task training (ADT), which embeds cognitive demands within motor tasks, and incorporated dual-task training (IDT), which requires concurrent yet independent cognitive tasks, are limited. This study compared the effects of ADT and IDT on cognitive function, physical performance, instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), and quality of life in community-dwelling older adults. Seventy-four participants (≥60 years) were randomized to ADT (n = 34) or IDT (n = 40) and completed a 12-week group program. Cognitive outcomes were measured with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Digit Symbol Substitution Test, Wechsler Memory Scale-III Word List, and Stroop Color Word Test; motor outcomes with the Box and Block Test, Timed Up and Go, and dual-task indices (BBT-SST, BBT-FD); functional outcomes with the Lawton IADL and Community Integration Questionnaire (CIQ). A significant group × time effect was found for BBT-SST number scores ( =0.002), with IDT yielding greater dual-task cognitive gains. Both groups improved in global cognition, processing speed, and working memory, while only IDT enhanced motor performance and motor-cognitive coordination. No significant changes were observed in TUG, dual-task cost, IADL, or CIQ. IDT showed superior benefits for dual-task cognition and coordination, suggesting greater ecological validity, more efficient resource allocation, and closer alignment with real-world demands. Future studies should investigate electroencephalography (EEG) based neural mechanisms and develop VR approaches for at-risk older adults.
如何引用
AMA
I-Ching Chuang, Hui-Ju Wu, Hui-Ing Ma, Yih-Ru Wu, Ching-Yi Wu. Incorporated vs Additional Dual-Task Training in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.. Clinical interventions in aging. 2026; doi:10.2147/CIA.S584037.
APA
I-Ching Chuang, Hui-Ju Wu, Hui-Ing Ma, Yih-Ru Wu, Ching-Yi Wu (2026). Incorporated vs Additional Dual-Task Training in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.. Clinical interventions in aging. https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S584037
GB/T 7714
I-Ching Chuang, Hui-Ju Wu, Hui-Ing Ma, Yih-Ru Wu, Ching-Yi Wu. Incorporated vs Additional Dual-Task Training in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.[J]. Clinical interventions in aging, 2026 doi:10.2147/CIA.S584037.
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