可持续人类膳食蛋白质的水产养殖

摘要(中文译文)

水产养殖，即养殖鱼类、软体动物、甲壳类和藻类等水生生物，仍然是养活不断增长的世界人口的最可行方法之一。目前，水生动物（主要是鱼类、软体动物和甲壳类）占水产养殖的72%，其中89%用于人类消费，提供了人类摄入动物蛋白总量的7.7%。水生动物蛋白不仅富含必需氨基酸，而且消化率高。此外，水产养殖是一种高效且可持续的动物蛋白生产方式，部分原因在于水生动物的饲料效率较高、能耗较低且环境影响较小。水产养殖的发展速度高度依赖于水产饲料。因此，许多日粮和环境因素可能影响水生动物的蛋白质沉积和必需氨基酸组成。可持续水产养殖还面临诸多挑战，如环境、气候和资源因素，本文也对此进行了讨论。

Abstract

Aquaculture, the farming of aquatic organisms such as fish, mollusks, crustaceans, and algae, continues to be one of the most viable methods to feed the growing world population. Currently, aquatic animals, mainly fish, mollusks, and crustaceans, account for 72% of aquaculture, 89% of which is used for human consumption, providing 7.7% of the total animal protein ingested by humans. Aquatic animal protein not only is rich in essential amino acids but also has high digestibility. Moreover, aquaculture is an efficient and sustainable way of producing animal protein, partially due to the higher feed efficiency of aquatic animals, lower energy consumption, and fewer environmental impacts. The speed of aquaculture development is highly dependent on the aquafeeds. Accordingly, many dietary and environmental factors could affect the aquatic animal protein deposition and essential amino acid composition. Sustainable aquaculture also faces many challenges, such as environmental, climate, and resource factors, which are also discussed.

如何引用