心血管-肾脏-代谢综合征0-3期人群膳食微量矿物质摄入与全因及心血管死亡率风险：一项队列研究
Dietary trace mineral intake and risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in population with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stage 0-3: a cohort study.
摘要(中文译文)
背景：微量矿物质的充足摄入可能影响心血管-肾脏-代谢综合征患者的死亡风险，尽管证据仍然有限。方法：我们分析了1999年至2018年美国国家健康与营养调查中10,412名CKM 0至3期参与者的数据。通过链接至国家死亡指数确定截至2019年12月31日的死亡结局。采用24小时膳食回顾评估铁、锌、铜和硒的膳食摄入量。使用Cox比例风险模型评估微量矿物质摄入与死亡之间的关联。通过限制性立方样条分析检验非线性关联，并在确定的拐点两侧拟合两段式Cox比例风险模型。结果：在1,129,579人月的随访期间，共发生1,134例全因死亡和301例心血管疾病死亡。限制性立方样条分析显示微量矿物质摄入与全因死亡率之间呈L型关联。拐点分别为铁13 mg/天、锌9 mg/天、铜1.7 mg/天和硒118 µg/天。铁和铜摄入与心血管死亡率呈线性负相关。在摄入量低于拐点的个体中，两段式Cox比例风险模型显示全因死亡率与铁（HR = 0.94，95% CI：0.91–0.97）、锌（HR = 0.95，95% CI：0.90–0.99）、铜（HR = 0.48，95% CI：0.38–0.60）和硒（HR = 0.99，95% CI：0.99–0.99）摄入量之间存在显著负相关。亚组分析表明铜的关联在多个亚组中保持一致。结论：在CKM 0至3期个体中，膳食微量矿物质摄入与全因死亡率呈L型关联。铁和铜摄入与心血管死亡率呈线性负相关。
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Adequate intake of trace minerals may influence mortality risk in individuals with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome, although evidence remains limited. METHODS: We analyzed data from 10,412 participants with CKM stage 0 to 3 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999 to 2018. Mortality outcomes were ascertained through linkage to the National Death Index through December 31, 2019. Dietary intakes of iron, zinc, copper, and selenium were assessed using 24-hour dietary recalls. Associations between trace mineral intake and mortality were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards models. Nonlinear associations were examined with restricted cubic spline analyses, and two-piecewise Cox proportional hazards models were fitted on either side of the identified inflection points. RESULTS: Over 1,129,579 person-months of follow-up, 1,134 all-cause deaths and 301 cardiovascular disease deaths occurred. Restricted cubic spline analyses showed L-shaped associations between trace mineral intake and all-cause mortality. The inflection points were 13 mg/day for iron, 9 mg/day for zinc, 1.7 mg/day for copper, and 118 µg/day for selenium. Iron and copper intakes were linearly and inversely associated with cardiovascular mortality. Among individuals with intakes below the inflection point, two-piecewise Cox proportional hazards models showed significant inverse associations between all-cause mortality and intakes of iron (HR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.91–0.97), zinc (HR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.90–0.99), copper (HR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.38–0.60), and selenium (HR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.99–0.99). Subgroup analyses indicated that the association for copper remained consistent across multiple subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: Dietary trace mineral intake showed L-shaped associations with all-cause mortality among individuals with CKM stage 0 to 3. Iron and copper intakes were linearly and inversely associated with cardiovascular mortality.
如何引用
AMA
Chunxing Yi, Fujian Li, Jiansheng Cai. Dietary trace mineral intake and risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in population with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stage 0-3: a cohort study.. BMC public health. 2026; doi:10.1186/s12889-026-27409-x.
APA
Chunxing Yi, Fujian Li, Jiansheng Cai (2026). Dietary trace mineral intake and risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in population with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stage 0-3: a cohort study.. BMC public health. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-026-27409-x
GB/T 7714
Chunxing Yi, Fujian Li, Jiansheng Cai. Dietary trace mineral intake and risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in population with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stage 0-3: a cohort study.[J]. BMC public health, 2026 doi:10.1186/s12889-026-27409-x.
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