三角纤维软骨复合体（TFCC）：最新的解剖学、变体和MRI诊断陷阱
The triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC): updated anatomy, variants, and MRI diagnostic pitfalls.
摘要(中文译文)
三角纤维软骨复合体（TFCC）是尺侧腕关节的关键稳定结构，整合了下尺桡关节与尺腕关节。近年来关节镜解剖学的进展促使人们以三维、三分的概念来理解TFCC，将其描述为由三个相互关联的部分组成：关节盘、提供主要稳定性的远端尺桡韧带，以及一个连续的外周关节囊结构，即“外周壁”，后者包括掌侧和背侧尺腕韧带、半月板同系物以及尺侧腕伸肌腱鞘。血供集中于外周附着处，而中央盘相对无血管，这影响了其愈合潜能。在功能上，TFCC对桡尺腕关节的旋转稳定性和平移稳定性均有贡献，其中远端尺桡韧带为主要稳定结构，尺腕韧带复合体、尺侧腕伸肌腱鞘及骨间膜提供次要支持。MRI，尤其是三维各向同性序列和MR关节造影，能够详细显示TFCC各组成部分、检测部分性或完全性撕裂，并区分正常解剖变异与病理异常。识别正常变异及与前臂旋转相关的位置变化对于避免诊断错误至关重要。本综述整合了关节镜、解剖学、生物力学和影像学视角，提供了对TFCC及其更新概念框架的全面理解，对尺侧腕关节损伤的临床评估、手术规划和治疗后随访具有直接意义。
Abstract
The triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) is a key stabilizer of the ulnar wrist, integrating both the distal radioulnar and ulnocarpal joints. Recent advances in arthroscopic anatomy have led to a three-dimensional, tripartite conceptualization of the TFCC, describing it as comprising three interconnected components: the articular disc, the distal radioulnar ligaments providing primary stability, and a continuous peripheral capsular structure, or "peripheral wall," which encompasses the palmar and dorsal ulnocarpal ligaments, the meniscus homologue, and the extensor carpi ulnaris tendon sheath. Vascular supply is concentrated at the peripheral insertions, while the central disc is relatively avascular, influencing its healing potential. Functionally, the TFCC contributes to both rotational and translational stability of the radioulnocarpal articulation, with the distal radioulnar ligaments serving as the primary stabilizers and the ulnocarpal ligament complex, extensor carpi ulnaris tendon sheath, and interosseous membrane providing secondary support. MRI, particularly three-dimensional isotropic sequences and MR arthrography, allows detailed visualization of the TFCC components, detection of partial or complete tears, and differentiation between normal anatomic variants and pathologic abnormalities. Recognition of normal variations and positional changes related to forearm rotation is essential to avoid diagnostic errors. This review integrates arthroscopic, anatomical, biomechanical, and imaging perspectives, providing a comprehensive understanding of the TFCC and its updated conceptual framework, with direct implications for clinical assessment, surgical planning, and post-treatment follow-up of ulnar wrist injuries.
如何引用
AMA
Hicham Bouredoucen. The triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC): updated anatomy, variants, and MRI diagnostic pitfalls.. Skeletal radiology. 2026; doi:10.1007/s00256-026-05219-x.
APA
Hicham Bouredoucen (2026). The triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC): updated anatomy, variants, and MRI diagnostic pitfalls.. Skeletal radiology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-026-05219-x
GB/T 7714
Hicham Bouredoucen. The triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC): updated anatomy, variants, and MRI diagnostic pitfalls.[J]. Skeletal radiology, 2026 doi:10.1007/s00256-026-05219-x.
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