儿科新冠肺炎疫苗接种犹豫：一项系统综述。

摘要(中文译文)

疫苗可预防的疾病仍然是全球十大健康威胁之一。这些发现表明健康与疫苗素养之间存在重要联系。儿童受COVID-19的影响较成人小，但在基础设施不足和薄弱的社区中可能尤为脆弱。五分之一的家长对COVID-19疫苗持怀疑态度。本研究综合了既往研究的结果，以识别与儿童COVID-19疫苗接种相关的家长犹豫原因。我们遵循系统评价和荟萃分析首选报告条目（PRISMA）指南进行了一项系统评价，以调查在COVID-19背景下0-18岁儿童家长的疫苗犹豫情况。我们检索了PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science和Google Scholar，使用关键词“疫苗犹豫”“儿科”和“COVID-19”，检索2019年1月至2024年8月期间发表的研究。符合条件的研究以英文发表，并聚焦于家长视角。两名独立评审员筛选了2950条记录，提取数据，并使用乔安娜布里格斯研究所（JBI）批判性评价清单评估研究质量。主题分析识别出疫苗犹豫的关键驱动因素。在筛选的48篇全文文章中，22项研究符合纳入标准。纳入的研究在11个不同国家开展。主题分析得出两个主要类别：（1）疫苗相关担忧，包括安全性/信任担忧（100%的研究）和可及性障碍（13.6%）；（2）使用者相关担忧：风险感知（31.8%）、知识缺乏（50%）、文化表现（13.6%）和既往病史（31.8%）。对所有研究而言，对安全性和信任的普遍担忧都很明显，而文化和可及性障碍则具有情境特异性，并因地区和人群而异。该研究指出了扭转家长对儿童COVID-19疫苗接种犹豫的干预措施，如量身定制的教育项目、简化分配流程、通过当地社区意见领袖建立公众接受度，以及公共卫生机构进行适当的风险沟通。所有这些都有助于制定合理的政策，并使未来的免疫规划更加容易。

Abstract

Vaccine-preventable diseases remain among the top ten global health threats. These findings indicate an important link between health and vaccine literacy. Children are less affected by COVID-19 than adults are but can be particularly vulnerable in communities with inadequate and weak infrastructure. One in five parents was skeptical about the COVID-19 vaccine. The present study combined the findings of previous studies to identify the reasons for parental hesitancy related to children's COVID-19 vaccination. We conducted a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to investigate vaccine hesitancy among parents of children aged 0-18 years in the context of COVID-19. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar using the keywords "vaccine hesitancy," "pediatrics," and "COVID-19" for studies published between January 2019 and August 2024. Eligible studies were published in English and focused on parental perspectives. Two independent reviewers screened 2950 records, extracted data, and assessed study quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklists. Thematic analysis identified key drivers of vaccine hesitancy. Of the 48 full-text articles screened, 22 studies met the eligibility criteria. The included studies took place in 11 different countries. The thematic analysis resulted in two main headings: (1) vaccine-related concerns, which included safety/trust concerns (100% of studies) and accessibility barriers (13.6%), and (2) user-related concerns: risk perception (31.8%), lack of knowledge (50%), cultural manifestation (13.6%), and previous medical conditions (31.8%). Universal concerns about safety and trust were evident in all studies, while cultural and accessibility barriers were context-specific and fluctuated by region and population. The study points to interventions for reversing parental hesitation towards pediatric COVID-19 vaccination, like tailored education programs, streamlining distribution procedures, creating public acceptance through local community opinion leaders, and appropriate risk communication by public health institutions. All of these can contribute to making sound policies and making future immunization planning easier.

如何引用

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