确定用于筛查和确定分离结束的最佳快速抗原检测：建模研究
Identifying the optimal rapid antigen test for screening and determining the end of isolation: A modeling study.
摘要(中文译文)
在COVID-19大流行期间，快速抗原检测（rapid antigen tests，RATs）被用于检测感染，提高了针对性非药物干预措施（non-pharmaceutical interventions，NPIs）的有效性。然而，基于鼻拭子或唾液样本的RATs均有使用，这引发了哪种类型的RAT在检测病毒感染方面最为有效的问题。在此，我们开发了一个模型驱动的计算框架，用于评估不同的RATs，并针对各种病毒感染确定最适合特定用途的检测方法，例如感染筛查或确定隔离结束时间。以有症状的COVID-19病例作为案例研究，我们发现，在症状出现前阶段，基于唾液的RATs与基于鼻拭子的RATs相比，平均将传播风险降低了6.2%（95% CI：6.1 - 6.3）。此外，对于已出现症状的感染者，当连续RATs返回阴性结果时结束其隔离，使用基于唾液的RAT相比使用基于鼻拭子的RAT，平均传播风险降低了5.9%（95% CI：5.7 - 6.1）。这些发现表明，唾液RATs可能是有效缓解SARS-CoV-2传播的一种有用选择。然而，在评估每种RAT类型的实际应用时，应仔细考虑检测灵敏度和样本采集在真实世界中的变异性。我们的新方法可应用于其他病毒和检测类型，使其能够为公共卫生政策决策提供信息，以确定在未来传染病流行中应优先采用哪些类型的RAT。
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, rapid antigen tests (RATs) were used to detect infections, improving the effectiveness of targeted non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). However, RATs based on either nasal swab or saliva samples were used, raising the question as to which type of RAT is most effective at detecting viral infections. Here, we develop a model-driven computational framework to assess different RATs and identify the most suitable test for a specified purpose, such as infection screening or determining the end of isolation, for various viral infections. Using symptomatic COVID-19 cases as a case study, we found that saliva-based RATs reduced transmission risk on average by 6.2% (95% CI: 6.1 - 6.3) compared to nasal-based RATs in the pre-symptomatic period. In addition, by ending isolation of infected individuals who have developed symptoms when consecutive RATs return negative results, the mean risk of transmission was reduced by 5.9% (95% CI: 5.7 - 6.1) using a saliva-based RAT compared to using a nasal-based RAT. These findings suggest that saliva RATs may be a useful option for mitigating SARS-CoV-2 transmission effectively. However, real-world variability in test sensitivity and sample collection should be carefully considered when evaluating the practical use of each RAT type. Our novel approach can be applied to other viruses and types of tests, enabling its use to inform public health policy decisions about which types of RAT to prioritize in future infectious disease epidemics.
如何引用
AMA
Yong Dam Jeong, William S Hart, Masahiro Ishikane, Kwang Su Kim, Jong Hyuk Byun, Il Hyo Jung, et al. Identifying the optimal rapid antigen test for screening and determining the end of isolation: A modeling study.. PLoS computational biology. 2026; doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013102.
APA
Yong Dam Jeong, William S Hart, Masahiro Ishikane, Kwang Su Kim, Jong Hyuk Byun, Il Hyo Jung, et al (2026). Identifying the optimal rapid antigen test for screening and determining the end of isolation: A modeling study.. PLoS computational biology. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013102
GB/T 7714
Yong Dam Jeong, William S Hart, Masahiro Ishikane, Kwang Su Kim, Jong Hyuk Byun, Il Hyo Jung, et al. Identifying the optimal rapid antigen test for screening and determining the end of isolation: A modeling study.[J]. PLoS computational biology, 2026 doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013102.
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