坦桑尼亚东部小反刍动物蜱虫感染和无浆体病病原体的分子检测
Tick infestation and molecular detection of causative agents of anaplasmosis in small ruminants from eastern Tanzania.
摘要(中文译文)
绵羊无浆体和嗜吞噬细胞无浆体是蜱传病原体，给小型反刍动物造成重大经济损失。尽管坦桑尼亚拥有较多的小型反刍动物，但关于这些细菌及其媒介的存在和分布信息有限。本研究调查了坦桑尼亚东部小型反刍动物中蜱的感染率、控制方法以及绵羊无浆体和嗜吞噬细胞无浆体的感染率。在采样的223只动物中，87.6%感染了蜱，绵羊（86.9%，n=53）和山羊（90.1%，n=146）之间的感染率无显著差异。形态学鉴定出六种蜱，其中以微小扇头蜱（Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus）（28.4%）最为优势，其次为彩饰钝眼蜱（Amblyomma variegatum）（8.9%）、附肢扇头蜱（Rhipicephalus appendiculatus）（18.3%）、埃弗茨扇头蜱埃弗茨亚种（Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi）（9.2%）、微小扇头蜱（Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus）（9.1%）和红足璃眼蜱（Hyalomma rufipes）（8.8%）。约75%的动物主人报告使用杀螨剂控制蜱。约45.7%的受检动物采用药浴，29.1%采用手动喷洒。相当比例（25.1%）的动物未进行蜱控制。血液样本的PCR筛查显示，（43.9%，n=98）的样本至少对一种病原体呈阳性。绵羊无浆体感染率最高（36.2%，n=74），其次为嗜吞噬细胞无浆体（7.6%，n=17）及其混合感染（3.1%，n=7）。感染率在宿主、地点和蜱控制方法之间差异显著。这是首次在坦桑尼亚的小型反刍动物中检测到绵羊无浆体和嗜吞噬细胞无浆体的研究；因此，它为家畜蜱传疾病的流行病学和控制提供了重要的基线信息。
Abstract
Anaplasma ovis and Anaplasma phagocytophilum are tick-borne pathogens that cause significant economic loss in small ruminants. Despite having larger population of small ruminants, Tanzania has limited information about the presence and distribution of these bacteria and their vectors. This study investigated ticks’ prevalence, control methods, and infection rates of A. ovis and A. phagocytophilum in small ruminants from Eastern Tanzania. Out of 223 animals sampled, 87.6% were infested by ticks, and the prevalence did not vary significantly among sheep (86.9%, n = 53) and goats (90.1%, n = 146). Six tick species were morphologically identified, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus (28.4%) being the most dominant, followed by Amblyomma variegatum (8.9%), Rhipicephalus appendiculatus (18.3%), Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi (9.2%), Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (9.1%), and Hyalomma rufipes (8.8%). Approximately 75% of the animal`s owners reported using acaricides to control ticks. About 45.7% of the examined animals were dipped and 29.1% were hand sprayed. A significant proportion (25.1%) of the animals were not subjected to tick control. PCR screening of blood samples revealed that (43.9%, n = 98) of the samples were positive for at least one pathogen. Anaplasma ovis had the highest infection rate (36.2% n = 74), followed by A. phagocytophilum (7.6% n = 17) and their co-infections (3.1% n = 7). Infection rates varied significantly among hosts, location, and the method of tick control. This is the first study to detect A. ovis and A. phagocytophilum in small ruminants in Tanzania; hence, it provides important baseline information on the epidemiology and control of tick-borne diseases in livestock.
如何引用
AMA
Isihaka Haji, Martin Simuunza. Tick infestation and molecular detection of causative agents of anaplasmosis in small ruminants from eastern Tanzania.. Tropical animal health and production. 2026; doi:10.1007/s11250-026-05020-x.
APA
Isihaka Haji, Martin Simuunza (2026). Tick infestation and molecular detection of causative agents of anaplasmosis in small ruminants from eastern Tanzania.. Tropical animal health and production. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-026-05020-x
GB/T 7714
Isihaka Haji, Martin Simuunza. Tick infestation and molecular detection of causative agents of anaplasmosis in small ruminants from eastern Tanzania.[J]. Tropical animal health and production, 2026 doi:10.1007/s11250-026-05020-x.
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