牙周免疫稳态：中性粒细胞作为守护者和背叛者，以及精确调节的策略
Periodontal immune homeostasis: neutrophils as guardians and betrayers, and strategies for precision modulation.
摘要(中文译文)
牙周组织的健康从根本上取决于一种精细而动态的免疫稳态；这种平衡的破坏构成了驱动慢性牙周炎发生和进展的病理基础。由于具有高度异质性和表型可塑性，中性粒细胞在维持牙周稳态和驱动疾病进展中发挥多重作用。在稳态条件下，中性粒细胞通过趋化、吞噬和胞外陷阱形成等精密调控机制，主动清除微生物并维持组织耐受。然而，在持续的微生物挑战和宿主因素的影响下，过度活化的中性粒细胞通过过度形成中性粒细胞胞外陷阱（NET）、不受控制地释放促炎介质以及诱导破骨细胞生成等机制，加剧牙周组织破坏。本综述系统阐述了中性粒细胞在牙周免疫稳态建立、破坏和恢复中的作用及机制，全面评估了新兴的中性粒细胞靶向治疗策略，包括调控其抗菌活性、趋化、活化、分泌表型、凋亡和清除。最后，本综述总结了当前用于牙周炎的时间序列药物递送系统构建策略。本综述旨在为开发全面、多维度的中性粒细胞调控模型提供新视角，并为以重建牙周稳态为重点的临床应用和进一步研究提供参考。
Abstract
The health of periodontal tissues fundamentally depends on a delicate, dynamic immune homeostasis; disruption of this balance constitutes the pathological basis driving the initiation and progression of chronic periodontitis. Due to their high heterogeneity and phenotypic plasticity, neutrophils play multifaceted roles in maintaining periodontal homeostasis and driving disease progression. Under homeostatic conditions, through precisely regulated mechanisms including chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and extracellular trap formation, neutrophils actively clear microorganisms and sustain tissue tolerance. However, under persistent microbial challenge and the influence of host factors, overactivated neutrophils exacerbate periodontal tissue destruction via mechanisms such as excessive neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation, uncontrolled release of pro-inflammatory mediators, and induction of osteoclastogenesis. This review systematically elucidates the role and mechanisms of neutrophils in the establishment, disruption, and restoration of periodontal immune homeostasis. It comprehensively evaluates emerging neutrophil-targeted therapeutic strategies, including modulation of their antimicrobial activity, chemotaxis, activation, secretory phenotypes, apoptosis, and clearance. Finally, this review summarizes current strategies for constructing time-sequential drug delivery systems in periodontitis. This review aims to provide novel perspectives for developing a comprehensive, multi-dimensional neutrophil regulatory model and for clinical applications and further research focused on re-establishing periodontal homeostasis.
如何引用
AMA
Chunmiao Mo, Kaiying Zhang, Hao Cui, Shuoling Chen, Shenglong Tan, Bo Wen, et al. Periodontal immune homeostasis: neutrophils as guardians and betrayers, and strategies for precision modulation.. International immunopharmacology. 2026; doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2026.116569.
APA
Chunmiao Mo, Kaiying Zhang, Hao Cui, Shuoling Chen, Shenglong Tan, Bo Wen, et al (2026). Periodontal immune homeostasis: neutrophils as guardians and betrayers, and strategies for precision modulation.. International immunopharmacology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2026.116569
GB/T 7714
Chunmiao Mo, Kaiying Zhang, Hao Cui, Shuoling Chen, Shenglong Tan, Bo Wen, et al. Periodontal immune homeostasis: neutrophils as guardians and betrayers, and strategies for precision modulation.[J]. International immunopharmacology, 2026 doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2026.116569.
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