脑干诱发反应

摘要(中文译文)

脑干的活动及其对中枢和外周功能的控制作用广泛存在，但由于其位置和体积的原因，难以进行量化。目前已开发出多种方法以增进我们对脑干活动的理解，尤其是通过生理成像技术使用替代指标。心率变异性、瞳孔测量、皮肤电传导、P300变化以及唾液α-淀粉酶是常用的测量指标，可用于判定脑干活动。本章讨论了生理成像在脑干活动中的使用及研究发现，还讨论了研究者如何尝试通过刺激来改变脑干活动。文中讨论了迷走神经、枕神经和听神经刺激，并结合其治疗贡献和功能效应加以阐述。我们讨论了脑干诱发电位反应，包括脑干听觉诱发电位测听，这些还可作为脑干激活和病理的直接表征提供有价值的信息。最后，我们讨论了通过术中记录在手术环境中应用脑干反应和神经刺激。我们以讨论这些测量指标和方法在脑干研究中的价值作为总结。

Abstract

The brainstem's activity and control over both central and peripheral functioning is notably widespread, yet difficult to quantify due to its location and size. Methods have been developed to improve our understanding of the brainstem's activity, particularly through the use of proxy-measures, via physiologic imaging. Heart rate variation, pupillometry, skin conduction, P300 alterations, and salivary α-amylase are popular measures which allow for a determination of brainstem activity. This chapter discusses the use and findings of physiologic imaging for brainstem activity. It also discusses how researchers may attempt to alter brainstem activity with stimulation. Vagus nerve, occipital nerve, and auditory nerve stimulation are discussed, with their therapeutic contributions and functional effects for context. We discuss evoked brainstem responses including brainstem evoked audiometry, which additionally provide valuable information as a direct representation of brainstem activation and pathology. Lastly, we discuss the application of brainstem responses and nerve stimulation in a surgical setting via intraoperative recording. We conclude by discussing the value of these measures and methods in brainstem research.

如何引用

Handbook of clinical neurology 的其他文献

• 构音障碍。
• 冠心病的神经系统并发症及其处理
• 妊娠期神经病学