菲律宾马尼拉大都会社区药房的急性医疗应急准备和相关因素

摘要(中文译文)

社区药房是最易获取的医疗设施之一，在医疗紧急情况中发挥着关键作用。尽管许多国家已在药房实施了结构化的应急准备体系，但此类实践在菲律宾仍然有限且研究不足。缺乏关于药房应急准备能力的实证数据，阻碍了加强其在危机应对中作用的努力，也妨碍了制定符合具体情境的政策和培训方案。本研究旨在评估菲律宾马尼拉大都会社区药房的医疗应急准备水平及其相关因素。研究采用基于社区的横断面设计，对533名菲律宾社区药房工作人员进行了调查，其中38.8%为药房助理/技术员，36.8%为分店/在职药剂师，24.4%为管理者/主管。数据通过修改后的调查问卷在马尼拉大都会多个城市以线上和面对面方式收集。研究采用自我效能感和集体效能感量表评估医疗应急准备情况，并运用线性回归模型识别与急性医疗紧急情况准备相关的因素。马尼拉大都会的社区药房对急性医疗紧急情况的应对准备处于中等水平（总体平均分：自我效能感3.65分，集体效能感3.69分，满分5分）。回归分析显示，年龄、职位以及急救、心肺复苏（CPR）和基础生命支持（BLS）培训与自我效能感呈正相关。相反，应急设备数量、药房工作人员数量和培训经验与集体效能感呈正相关。本研究结果揭示了影响马尼拉大都会社区药房准备水平的关键因素。拥有接受过急救和CPR/BLS培训的工作人员以及配备充足应急物资的药房，其医疗紧急情况准备水平显著更高。这些结果强调了药房人员持续、全面培训的关键作用。确保所有工作人员均接受适当培训以应对急性医疗状况，可极大增强应急响应能力并改善患者结局。

Abstract

Community pharmacies are among the most accessible healthcare facilities and play a critical role during medical emergencies. While many countries have implemented structured emergency preparedness systems in pharmacies, such practices remain limited and under-researched in the Philippines. The lack of empirical data on pharmacy-based emergency readiness hampers efforts to strengthen their role in crisis response and inform context-specific policies and training programs. This study aimed to assess the level of medical emergency preparedness and its associated factors among community pharmacies in Metro Manila, Philippines. A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among 533 Filipino community pharmacy staff, consisting of 38.8% pharmacy assistants/technicians, 36.8% branch/staff pharmacists, and 24.4% managers/ supervisors. Data was collected using a modified survey questionnaire administered online and face-to-face across various cities in Metro Manila. Self-efficacy and collective efficacy scales were utilized to assess medical emergency preparedness and linear regression models were employed to identify factors associated with preparedness in acute medical emergencies. Community pharmacies in Metro Manila are moderately prepared (overall mean scores: self-efficacy 3.65, collective efficacy 3.69 on a 1-5 scale) to respond to acute medical emergencies. Regression analysis shows that age, position, and training in first aid, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and basic life support (BLS) are positively associated with self-efficacy. Conversely, the number of emergency equipment, pharmacy staff, and training experience are positively associated with collective efficacy. The study's findings highlight key factors influencing the preparedness of community pharmacies in Metro Manila. Pharmacies with staff trained in first aid and CPR/BLS, as well as those equipped with adequate emergency supplies, demonstrated significantly higher levels of preparedness for medical emergencies. These results emphasize the critical role of ongoing, comprehensive training for pharmacy personnel. Ensuring that all staff are properly trained to manage acute medical situations can greatly enhance emergency response and improve patient outcomes.

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