印度2022-2023年，人类住区中作为丛林斑疹伤寒媒介的矮牵牛

摘要(中文译文)

丛林斑疹伤寒是亚洲许多地区常见的细菌感染。病原体是恙虫病东方体，由恙螨幼虫传播，需要小型哺乳动物作为维持宿主。我们研究了印度南部村庄及其周围土地的螨虫和小型哺乳动物中恙虫病O.感染率，以确定高风险环境。我们在883只小型哺乳动物身上鉴定出12431只螨虫幼虫，其中32%是土匪鼠，31%是黑鼠，31%为亚洲家鼠。imphalum钩端螺旋体是最常见的螨虫种类，也是唯一与恙虫病O.感染相关的种类（患病率3.6%）。东方体感染随着宿主螨群规模的增加而增加。人类住区内恙螨的宿主数量、L.imphalum指数和东方体感染率远高于周围田地，这表明大多数人类丛林斑疹伤寒感染发生在村庄内，而不是在农业工作期间。

Abstract

Scrub typhus is a common bacterial infection in many parts of Asia. The causative agent, Orientia tsutsugamushi, is transmitted by trombiculid mite (chigger) larvae that require small mammals as maintaining hosts. We studied the prevalence of O. tsutsugamushi infection in mites and small mammals in villages and land surrounding them in South India to determine high-risk settings. We identified 12,431 mite larvae on 883 small mammals, 32% of which were bandicoot rats, 31% black rats, and 31% Asian house shrews. Leptotrombidium imphalum was the most common mite species and the only species associated with O. tsutsugamushi infection (prevalence 3.6%). Orientia infection increased with mite population size on a host. Host numbers, the L. imphalum index, and the prevalence of Orientia infection in chiggers were considerably higher within human settlements than in surrounding fields, suggesting that most human scrub typhus infection occurs inside villages rather than during agricultural work.

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