数字技术在姑息治疗中的应用范围综述

摘要(中文译文)

在当今技术飞速发展的时代，数字技术正逐步改变医学领域。在姑息治疗中，其整合是必然趋势，为改善照护服务和患者结局提供了新的可能性。本研究旨在综述数字技术在姑息治疗中的应用，重点关注其在不同照护环境中的优势、挑战及可衡量的影响。本研究进行了范围综述，评估了2000年1月1日至2024年8月1日期间发表的研究。检索在PubMed、CINAHL、Web of Science、Scopus和Cochrane Library中进行。纳入评估姑息治疗环境中数字干预措施的原始研究。数据提取包括研究设计、样本量、研究环境、干预类型和结局。方法学质量采用适用于随机对照试验（RCT）、非随机研究、混合方法研究和定性研究的相应工具进行评价。两名独立评审员进行数据提取和质量评价，通过讨论解决分歧。共纳入24项研究，考察了计算机系统、虚拟现实（VR）和可穿戴设备等数字技术。关键干预措施支持信息提供、症状监测、心理支持和沟通反馈。数字工具在疼痛管理、症状困扰、生活质量和患者可接受性方面显示出积极影响。尽管大多数研究具有方法学优势，但也存在样本量小和结局指标不一致等局限性。姑息治疗中的数字技术通过远程监测、实时反馈和个性化干预，在改善患者生活质量和减轻症状负担方面展现出显著潜力。这些创新解决了传统生物医学模式的局限性，提高了姑息治疗的可及性和整体质量。

Abstract

In the current era of rapid technological development, digital technology is progressively transforming the medical field. In palliative care, its integration is an inevitable trend, offering new possibilities for improving care delivery and patient outcomes. This study aimed to review the application of digital technologies in palliative care, focusing on their advantages, challenges, and measurable impacts across diverse care settings. A scoping review was conducted, evaluating studies published between January 1, 2000, and August 1, 2024. Searches were performed across PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library. Original studies assessing digital interventions within palliative care settings were included. Data extraction included study design, sample size, setting, intervention type, and outcomes. Methodological quality was appraised using appropriate tools for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-randomized studies, mixed-methods studies, and qualitative studies. Two independent reviewers conducted the data extraction and quality appraisal, resolving disagreements through discussion. Twenty-four studies were included, examining digital technologies such as computer systems, virtual reality (VR), and wearable devices. Key interventions supported information provision, symptom monitoring, psychological support, and communication feedback. Digital tools demonstrated positive impacts on pain management, symptom distress, quality of life, and patient acceptability. Despite methodological strengths in most studies, limitations such as small sample sizes and inconsistent outcome measures were noted. Digital technologies in palliative care demonstrate significant potential to improve patients' quality of life and alleviate symptom burden through remote monitoring, real-time feedback, and personalized interventions. These innovations address limitations of the traditional biomedical model, enhancing the accessibility and overall quality of palliative care.

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