微生物组在NAFLD和NASH中的作用

摘要(中文译文)

非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）是心脏代谢综合征的肝脏表现，后者通常还包括肥胖、糖尿病和血脂异常。它正迅速成为全球最常见的肝脏疾病。相当一部分NAFLD患者会发展为非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NASH），其特征是炎症改变，可导致进行性肝损伤、肝硬化和肝细胞癌。近期研究表明，除遗传易感性和饮食外，肠道微生物群还影响肝脏碳水化合物和脂质代谢，并影响肝脏中促炎与抗炎效应物之间的平衡，从而影响NAFLD及其向NASH的进展。在本综述中，我们将探讨肠道微生物群及微生物群衍生化合物对NAFLD和NASH发生与进展的影响，以及与潜在微生物组对该常见肝病贡献相关的尚未探索的因素。

Abstract

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the hepatic manifestation of cardiometabolic syndrome, which often also includes obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. It is rapidly becoming the most prevalent liver disease worldwide. A sizable minority of NAFLD patients develop nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is characterized by inflammatory changes that can lead to progressive liver damage, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Recent studies have shown that in addition to genetic predisposition and diet, the gut microbiota affects hepatic carbohydrate and lipid metabolism as well as influences the balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effectors in the liver, thereby impacting NAFLD and its progression to NASH In this review, we will explore the impact of gut microbiota and microbiota-derived compounds on the development and progression of NAFLD and NASH, and the unexplored factors related to potential microbiome contributions to this common liver disease.

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