积极性观念在孟加拉国未婚青少年性健康项目中的重要性

摘要(中文译文)

本文探讨了孟加拉国未婚青少年在性方面所经历、所期望和所需求的内容与其社会所给予的内容之间存在的错位，这种错位对他们的性认知和身心健康产生了负面影响。研究结果呈现了孟加拉国青少年（12至18岁）的性感受、性经历、性行为、焦虑与担忧——尤其是与性欲、性愉悦、性权力、自慰、童贞、浪漫爱情与约会以及包办婚姻相关的方面——以及社会性规范和禁忌如何影响这些方面。男孩和女孩对性的好奇既源于了解和认知的需求与渴望，也因为他们觉得阅读和谈论性令人兴奋。年轻人不仅仅是成人规范和性相关信息的被动接受者，更是积极建构意义、在他人对自己的期望与自己想要、需要和感受到的之间进行权衡的能力主体。青少年需要信息和支持——远在他们发生性行为之前。我们呼吁对青少年性教育采取积极的、以权利为本的方法，并将关注点超越单纯的健康结果，以支持青少年和年轻人理解他们所接触到的纷繁复杂的信息，减少不必要的内疚感和焦虑感。

Abstract

This article explores the mismatch that exists between what unmarried adolescents in Bangladesh experience, want and need in regard to their sexuality and what they receive from their society, which negatively impacts on their understanding of sexuality and their well-being. The findings provide a picture of Bangladeshi adolescents' (12-18 years) sexual feelings, experiences, behaviours, anxieties and concerns - in particular in relation to desire, pleasure, sexual power, masturbation, virginity, romantic love and dating, and arranged marriage - and how socio-sexual norms and taboos influence these. Curiosity of boys and girls about sex was driven by a need and desire to know and understand, but also because it was exciting to read about and talk about sex. Young people are not just passive recipients of adult norms and messages around sexuality, but agents who actively construe meanings and navigate between what is expected from them and what they want, need and feel themselves. Adolescents have a need for information and support - long before they ever have sex. We call for a positive, rights-based approach to sexuality education for adolescents and a focus beyond health outcomes alone to support adolescents and young people to make sense of the multiplicity of messages they encounter and reduce unnecessary feelings of guilt and anxiety.

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