[当前实践中如何管理变应性鼻炎]

摘要(中文译文)

变应性鼻炎是一种非常常见的疾病。由于自行用药的患者数量众多，其后果可能被低估。临床病史通常具有提示性。病因学诊断基于皮肤点刺试验，该试验具有较高的敏感性和特异性，且易于应用于幼儿。治疗依赖于口服抗组胺药和局部类固醇喷雾剂，用药时间覆盖接触变应原的整个期间。在所有情况下，避免接触变应原是决定治疗有效性的关键因素。开始治疗可预防并发症的发生或减轻其严重程度。根据最新的世界卫生组织共识声明，可考虑特异性免疫治疗。

Abstract

The allergic rhinitis is a very frequent condition. Its consequences are probably underestimated because of the large number of self-medicated patients. The clinical history is often telling. Etiological diagnosis is based on cutaneous Prick-Tests, which have a high sensibility and specificity-rate and which can be easily applied to young children. The treatment relies on the use of oral anti-histamines and local steroid sprays, for a period of time covering the exposure to allergens. In all the cases, the avoidance of the allergen constitutes the decisive element to determine the efficiency of the treatment. The starting up of a treatment prevents the outbreak of complications or enables to decrease their strength. Specific immunotherapy may be considered according to the last OMS consensus statement.

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